New Free-Space Multistage Optical Interconnection Network and its Matrix Theory

A new free-space multistage optical interconnection network which is called the Comega interconnection network is presented. It has the same topological construction for the cascade stages of the Comega interconnection. The concept of the left Comega and the right Comega interconnection networks are given to describe the whole Comega interconnection network. The matrix theory for the Comega interconnection network is presented. The route controlling of the Comega interconnection network is decided based on the matrix analysis. The node switching states in cascade stages of the 8 by 8 Comega interconnection network for the route selection are given. The data communications between arbitrary input channel with arbitrary output channel can be performed easily

Crossover Photonic Switching Network with CMOS/SEED Smart Pixel Device and 2D Optical Fiber Bundle Array

A 16 X 16 Crossover photonic switching network with hybrid integrated CMOS/SEED smart pixel device and 2D optical fiber bundle array I/O access device is reported in this paper. SEEd array devices ar used as light receivers and transmitters, while CMOS devices make efficient logical processing. 4 X 40 2D multilayer optical fiber bundle arrays are fabricated and are used as I/O access devices in the crossover photonic switching network. The center to center spacing between adjacent optical fibers in the same layer of the fiber array is 125micrometers , and the spacing between adjacent layers is 250micrometers . Displacing tolerance of the fiber bundle arrays is less than 4 micrometers and the angular tilt error is less than 0.03 degree. It has the feature of high density, high precision, array permutation and easy to couple with 2D CMOS/SEED smart pixel device

Optoelectronic Switching Network with 2D Optical Fiber Bundle Array I/O Access Device

An optoelectronic switching network with 2-D optical fiber bundle arrays I/O access device is presented in this paper. An optoelectronic recirculating Banyan network based on CMOS/SEED smart pixel device is used in this configuration. Thirty-two X two single-mode fiber bundle array and 32 X 2 multi- mode fiber bundle array are fabricated respectively based on the features of high density, high precision and array permutation of the CMOS/SEED optoelectronic integrated devices. The measuring results show that the center to center spacing between adjacent optical fibers in the same layer of the fiber array is 125 micrometer, and the spacing between adjacent layers is 500 micrometer. Displacing tolerance of the fiber bundle arrays is less than 2 micrometer and the angular tilt error is less than 0.02 degree

Luminescent Two-Way Reversible Shape Memory Polymers Based on Hydroxyl-yne Click Polymerization Reaction

Luminescent Two-way reversible shape memory polymers (2W-SMPs) are designed and fabricated by introducing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) unit of tetraphenylethylene (TPE) into semi-crystalline polymer networks via a simple hydroxyl-yne click polymerization under mild conditions. A TPE-free polymer network as control is also prepared using the same polymerization. Both polymer networks are able to perform excellent reversible shape motions, such as bending-unbending, coiling-uncoiling, and closing-blooming, when they are exposed to cool and warm water. A luminescent robotic gripper is designed, which can grab and release weights, and its payload-to-weight ratio is much higher than the ratio possessed by many industrial robotic grippers. Moreover, the double anti-counterfeiting capability of TPE-containing polymer is also demonstrated

Photoactivatable dihydroalkaloids for cancer theranostics with AIE characteristics

Chemotherapeutics with systemic administration usually suffer from low treatment efficacy and off-target toxicity. In contrary, the photoactivatable cancer theranostics can achieve image-guided precise control of therapeutic dose and location. However, the conventional photoactivatable chemotherapeutics usually require decoration of chemotherapeutics with additional photo-responsive groups through tedious synthetic procedures, which can lead to undesirable toxic byproducts and seriously restrict their applications. Herein, we propose a new strategy for photoactivatable caner theranostics based on photooxidative dehydrogenation reaction, which is only associating with water as the byproduct. To demonstrate the power of this strategy, we utilized the natural dihydrobenzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids of DHCHE and DHSAN as photoactivatable theranostics to achieve selective imaging and killing of cancer cells by in situ transformation into nucleus-targeted CHE and SAN under light irradiation. Notably, CHE is featured with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, which can be used for precise control of the photoactivatable therapeutic dose. This photoactivatable strategy based on dihydroalkaloids is thus promising for precise cancer treatment in clinic.<br /

Synergetic Enhancement of Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance Signals Assisted by Albumin Cage

Bimodal fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging (FLI/MRI) is important for early diagnosis of malignant tumors. Yet, facile and opportune strategies to synergistically enhance fluorescence intensity and magnetic resonance (MR) contrast effect have been rarely reported. Here, a facile albumin cage (AC) strategy is provided to synergistically enhance the fluorescence intensity by aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and MR contrast with prolonged rotational correlation time (τR) of Gd(III) chelates and diffusion correlation time (τD) of surrounding water molecules. The amphiphilic bimodal FLI/MRI probe of NGd, could be facilely loaded into ACs to generate supramolecular structure of NGd-albumin cages (NGd-ACs), which show excellent biocompatibility and biosafety, and exhibit superior fluorescence quantum yield and r1 over NGd with 6- and 8-fold enhancement, respectively. Moreover, compared with clinical MRI contrast agent of Gd-DOTA, r1 of NGd-AC shows 17-fold enhancement. As a result, NGd-ACs successfully elicit high-performance bimodal FLI/MRI in vitro and brighter MR signals are observed in liver and tumor after intravenous injection of NGd-ACs with a dosage of 6 μmol Gd(III)/kg body weight. This strategy is generic and feasible, and successfully realizes a “1+1>2” effect for dual-modal FLI/MRI.</p

Pyrene-based aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) with less colour migration for anti-counterfeiting applications

Traditional luminescent materials are subject to aggregation-caused quenching, which limits their use for high-technological applications in the solid state. In an attempt to address such issues when using luminescent materials in fluorescent inks, by taking advantage of the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behaviour, this article presents a set of pyrene-based AIEgens which possess high thermal stability, excellent fluorescence properties, and good biocompatibility. These AIEgens can be utilized as fluorescent inks for anti-counterfeiting applications at ultralow/low concentration (0.004-0.5 wt%) (weightAIEgens : weightbinder= 5 : 125 000-5 : 1000) with slight colour migration (< 27 nm) for different printing substrates. The use of such a fluorescent ink containing pyrene-based AIEgens has extended the scope of application over the range from ultralow to high concentration thereby avoiding the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect. Additionally, this system would lower the product cost, and be beneficial for the environment. The high-quality fluorescence pattern was found to exhibit good printability on different types of paper by old printing technology (screen printing technology). This work highlights that pyrene-based AIEgens are excellent candidates for use in anti-counterfeiting, and these results have the potential to enrich the practical applications of AIEgens in both academic and industrial fields